Question 1

When Milgram conducted his first series of experiments with a sample of 20- to 50-year-old men, he found that over 60 percent of them

Accepted Answer

A)   refused to deliver shocks beyond 150 volts.
B)   refused to deliver shocks past the 300-volt level.
C)   went all the way to 450 volts.
D)   asked to be released from the experiment by 135 volts.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

In light of the Milgram studies, which of the following is NOT one of the factors that determined obedience?

Accepted Answer

A)   the victim's similarity to the teacher
B)   the victim's emotional distance
C)   the authority's closeness and legitimacy
D)   whether or not the authority was institutionalizedE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

How did Burger's (2009)  replication differ from Milgram's original research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fewer people obeyed the experimenter and administered 450 volts.
B)   More participants were still obeying at the 350-volt point.
C)   Burger ended the experiment at the 150-volt point.
D)   Burger's participants reported greater distress following the study.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Compared to people in individualistic countries, those in collectivist countries are

Accepted Answer

A)   more likely to express psychological reactance.
B)   more likely to be conforming.
C)   more susceptible to the fundamental attribution error.
D)   more likely to be independent.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

What percentage of nurses in Hofling et al.'s (1966)  study administered an obvious drug overdose when it was called in by an unknown physician?

Accepted Answer

A)   27%
B)   50%
C)   75%
D)   95%E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Identify the true statement about the relationship between personality and conformity.

Accepted Answer

A)   People higher in agreeableness and conscientiousness are less likely to conform.
B)   Individuals who favor disagreements over smooth social experiences are more likely to conform.
C)   People high in openness to experience-a personality trait connected to creativity and socially progressive thinking, are more likely to conform.
D)   Novelty seekers, who leap into experiences seeking simulation, are less likely to conform.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Describe what was done and what was found in Asch's (1955) study.

Accepted Answer

In Asch's (1955) study, participants wer...

Question 8

Conformity based on a person's desire to fulfill others' expectations, often to gain their acceptance, is called

Accepted Answer

A)   social ostracism.
B)   false consensus.
C)   normative influence.
D)   informational influence.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Acting in accord with a direct order or command is called

Accepted Answer

A)   obedience.
B)   cohesiveness.
C)   progression.
D)   reactance.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

In the context of asserting uniqueness, a lone black female lawyer in a group of black and white male lawyers will be most conscious of being

Accepted Answer

A)   black.
B)   female.
C)   a lawyer.
D)   part of the group.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Ahmed generally likes to go home to visit his family during vacation. However, after his father strictly tells him that he must be home during spring vacation, Ahmed decides to remain at college. Ahmed's behavior is best understood in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive dissonance.
B)   regression.
C)   psychological reactance.
D)   self-serving bias.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

In the context of resisting social pressure, the motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   acceptance.
B)   disobedience.
C)   compliance.
D)   reactance.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

People are LEAST likely to conform when

Accepted Answer

A)   they are in a group of four people.
B)   the group is unanimous.
C)   they have highest need for uniqueness.
D)   when the group is cohesive.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

In a study by Snyder (1980) , students who were told that their personal attitudes were nearly identical to those of 10,000 other students _____ when they participated in a conformity experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)   were judged most attractive by their fellow participants
B)   were more willing to obey the experimenter's request to make a public commitment to a popular cause
C)   took on additional attitudes as well as the mannerisms of the majority
D)   asserted their individuality by being nonconformistE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Bill conforms because he fears that he will be rejected by others in the group if he doesn't. His conformity results from

Accepted Answer

A)   normative influence.
B)   informational influence.
C)   obedience.
D)   collective narcissism.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Mullen and her colleagues (1990)  found that the average baseline jaywalking rate decreases in the presence of a non-jaywalking confederate, especially if the non-jaywalker is well dressed. This is an example of the power of _____ on conformity.

Accepted Answer

A)   unanimity
B)   status
C)   cohesiveness
D)   co-morbidityE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

In a variation of the Milgram study, the learner was in the same room as the teacher. Under these conditions

Accepted Answer

A)   there was no change in resulting shocks.
B)   there was a decrease in compliance to shock.
C)   there was an increase in compliance to shock.
D)   there were less complaints from the victims.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

What percentage of Milgram's participants regretted having participated in the study?

Accepted Answer

A)   1%
B)   5%
C)   10%
D)   20%E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Identify a situation in which conformity is the highest.

Accepted Answer

A)   when the response is public and made without prior commitment
B)   when a group has less than three people
C)   when people are required to give their opinions privately
D)   when a group lacks cohesivenessE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 20

According to conformity research, a group's social power is deflated when it loses its

Accepted Answer

A)   agenda.
B)   anonymity.
C)   unanimity.
D)   heterogeneity.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 6: Sensation and Perception

When Milgram conducted his first series of experiments with a sample of 20- to 50-year-old men, he found that over 60 percent of them

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of Milgram's participants regretted having participated in the study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to people in individualistic countries, those in collectivist countries are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In light of the Milgram studies, which of the following is NOT one of the factors that determined obedience?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the true statement about the relationship between personality and conformity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mullen and her colleagues (1990) found that the average baseline jaywalking rate decreases in the presence of a non-jaywalking confederate, especially if the non-jaywalker is well dressed. This is an example of the power of _____ on conformity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to conformity research, a group's social power is deflated when it loses its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People are LEAST likely to conform when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conformity based on a person's desire to fulfill others' expectations, often to gain their acceptance, is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did Burger's (2009) replication differ from Milgram's original research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a variation of the Milgram study, the learner was in the same room as the teacher. Under these conditions

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by Snyder (1980) , students who were told that their personal attitudes were nearly identical to those of 10,000 other students _____ when they participated in a conformity experiment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify a situation in which conformity is the highest.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of nurses in Hofling et al.'s (1966) study administered an obvious drug overdose when it was called in by an unknown physician?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bill conforms because he fears that he will be rejected by others in the group if he doesn't. His conformity results from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ahmed generally likes to go home to visit his family during vacation. However, after his father strictly tells him that he must be home during spring vacation, Ahmed decides to remain at college. Ahmed's behavior is best understood in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of asserting uniqueness, a lone black female lawyer in a group of black and white male lawyers will be most conscious of being

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe what was done and what was found in Asch's (1955) study.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIIn Asch's (1955) study, participants wer...View AnswerShow Answer

In the context of resisting social pressure, the motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acting in accord with a direct order or command is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In Asch's (1955) study, participants wer...
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