Question 1

Which of the following statements is true about perception in infants?

Accepted Answer

A)   Infants are not able to perceive the localization of a sound.
B)   Newborns cannot hear soft sounds quite as well as adults can.
C)   Infants are very sensitive to the pitch of a sound.
D)   Infants are not able to perceive pain.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following does the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)  recommend to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Infants should be placed to sleep in the prone position.
B)   Infants should be placed to sleep on their backs.
C)   Infants should be placed to sleep on very soft bedding.
D)   Infants should be placed to sleep in a bedroom without a fan.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Identify the type of error that occurs when infants make the mistake of selecting a familiar hiding place rather than a new hiding place as they progress into Piaget's fourth substage of the sensorimotor stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   Type 1 error
B)   Type 2 error
C)   F-not-N error
D)   A-not-B errorE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

________ occurs when children adjust their schemes to take new information and experiences into account.

Accepted Answer

A)   Adaptation
B)   Accommodation
C)   Assimilation
D)   ApplicationE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Fantz believes that we directly perceive information that exists in the world around us and that perception is designed for action. He most likely holds a(n)  ________ perspective with regard to sensory and perceptual development.

Accepted Answer

A)   ethological
B)   ecological
C)   evolutionary
D)   geneticE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

In the visual cliff experiment by Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk, which of the following did most babies do when encouraged to crawl onto the deep side of the visual cliff?

Accepted Answer

A)   They would crawl onto the cliff side.
B)   They would not crawl onto the cliff side.
C)   They would crawl onto the cliff side only when their mothers called them.
D)   They would not crawl onto the cliff side but showed significant increases in heart rate, indicating anxiety.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

In the context of the debate over whether breast feeding is better for an infant than bottle feeding, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   The growing consensus is that breast feeding is better for the infant's health.
B)   The majority of doctors are in favor of bottle feeding.
C)   Breast feeding is better for bonding between mother and infant, whereas bottle feeding is better for the baby's health.
D)   There are no differences in health outcomes for babies who are breast fed and babies who are bottle fed.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Baby Tobias turns his head when his mother strokes his cheek. Tobias also turns his head toward the side that is touched. This reflex is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Baby Tobias turns his head when his...

Question 9

Clara, a one-year-old baby, recently started walking. According to research, we would also expect her to

Accepted Answer

A)   show an increase in language development due to interaction with more objects.
B)   be safer because she is more in control of her relationship with her environment.
C)   make life easier for her parents now that she can walk.
D)   show less egocentrism since she is now able to get around on her own.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is most likely to allow information to pass from neuron to neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)   the chemical interactions in synapses that connect axons and dendrites
B)   the formation of a layer of fat cells that encases many axons
C)   the release of neurotransmitters into the cell body of a neuron by terminal buttons
D)   the ferrying of information across neurotransmitters by a synapseE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

The ________ includes the cerebral cortex and several structures beneath it.

Accepted Answer

A)   forebrain
B)   hindbrain
C)   midbrain
D)   top brainE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

According to the ________, perception functions to bring organisms in contact with the environment so that they can adapt to it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the ________, perception functions to...

Question 13

The ________ lobe area in the brain plays an important role in registering spatial location, attention, and motor control.

Accepted Answer

A)   frontal
B)   parietal
C)   occipital
D)   temporalE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Name the developmental sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top-the head-with physical growth in size, weight, and feature differentiation gradually working from top to bottom.

Accepted Answer

The cephal...

Question 15

Baby Jane, a three-day-old infant, is shown four drawings: a bright blue square, a white oval, a yellow circle, and a drawing of a face. According to Robert Fantz's visual preference method, which drawing would she probably prefer to look at for a longer time?

Accepted Answer

A)   the white oval
B)   the drawing of a face
C)   the bright blue square
D)   the yellow circleE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Define gross and fine motor skills and give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Gross motor skills are skills that invol...

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is the least common cause of infant deaths in the United States.
B)   Its level of risk is high at 36 to 48 months of age for infants.
C)   It usually occurs when infants stop breathing, usually during night, and die suddenly without any apparent reason.
D)   Its level of risk is high when infants sleep on their backs, in a supine position.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 18

Provide three examples where a doctor would advise a mother to not breast feed their infants.

Accepted Answer

The three situations when mothers should...

Question 19

Identify an outcome, which is supported by research, for infants who are breast fed when compared with bottle-fed infants.

Accepted Answer

A)   Breast-fed infants have higher rates of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)  than bottle-fed infants.
B)   Breast-fed infants are less likely to develop type 1 diabetes in childhood than bottle-fed infants.
C)   Breast-fed infants have better cardiovascular health than bottle-fed infants.
D)   The cognitive development of breast-fed infants is higher than that of bottle-fed infants.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Identify a disadvantage of breast feeding in the context of impoverished African countries.

Accepted Answer

A)   There is risk of passing HIV to babies through breast milk if the mothers have the virus.
B)   Breast milk is less hygienic than infant formula.
C)   Breast feeding predominantly deteriorates the health of the mother.
D)   Mothers who breast feed have a higher risk of breast and ovarian cancer.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Exam 3: Physical and Cognitive Dvelopment in Infancy

Baby Jane, a three-day-old infant, is shown four drawings: a bright blue square, a white oval, a yellow circle, and a drawing of a face. According to Robert Fantz's visual preference method, which drawing would she probably prefer to look at for a longer time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define gross and fine motor skills and give an example of each.

Correct AnswerverifiedGross motor skills are skills that invol...View AnswerShow Answer

________ occurs when children adjust their schemes to take new information and experiences into account.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify a disadvantage of breast feeding in the context of impoverished African countries.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of the debate over whether breast feeding is better for an infant than bottle feeding, which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ includes the cerebral cortex and several structures beneath it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fantz believes that we directly perceive information that exists in the world around us and that perception is designed for action. He most likely holds a(n) ________ perspective with regard to sensory and perceptual development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Provide three examples where a doctor would advise a mother to not breast feed their infants.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe three situations when mothers should...View AnswerShow Answer

The ________ lobe area in the brain plays an important role in registering spatial location, attention, and motor control.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to allow information to pass from neuron to neuron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clara, a one-year-old baby, recently started walking. According to research, we would also expect her to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Name the developmental sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top-the head-with physical growth in size, weight, and feature differentiation gradually working from top to bottom.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe cephal...View AnswerShow Answer

Identify an outcome, which is supported by research, for infants who are breast fed when compared with bottle-fed infants.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baby Tobias turns his head when his mother strokes his cheek. Tobias also turns his head toward the side that is touched. This reflex is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the visual cliff experiment by Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk, which of the following did most babies do when encouraged to crawl onto the deep side of the visual cliff?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the type of error that occurs when infants make the mistake of selecting a familiar hiding place rather than a new hiding place as they progress into Piaget's fourth substage of the sensorimotor stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the ________, perception functions to bring organisms in contact with the environment so that they can adapt to it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about perception in infants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Gross motor skills are skills that invol...
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The three situations when mothers should...
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The cephal...
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