Question 1

Which of the following population groups has increased vitamin C requirements?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vegetarians
B)   Alcoholics
C)   Older adults
D)   SmokersE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Pantothenic acid is required for the synthesis of

Accepted Answer

A)   thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) .
B)   coenzyme Q (CoQ) .
C)   coenzyme A (Co
A)  .
D)   flavin mononucleotide (FMN) .E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

An important role of vitamin K is the synthesis of

Accepted Answer

A)   alpha-tocopherol.
B)   visual pigments.
C)   retinol.
D)   clotting factors.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

The major effect of taking high doses of vitamin D is

Accepted Answer

A)   excessive acne.
B)   calcium deposits in the kidneys and other organs.
C)   limb paralysis.
D)   a flaky skin rash.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Bill's physician has written a prescription for 1.5 grams of nicotinic acid (a form of niacin)  per day. Which of the following is a benefit of high doses of niacin?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a potent antioxidant.
B)   It can lower blood pressure.
C)   It can lower blood sugar levels.
D)   It can lower blood cholesterol levels.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Dennis had undergone a heart valve replacement and was placed on Coumadin (warfarin) . In order for the Coumadin to be effective, consistent daily consumption of ________ must be maintained.

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin C
B)   vitamin B-6
C)   vitamin K
D)   vitamin B-12E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Pernicious anemia is related to impaired absorption of

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin B-12.
B)   folate.
C)   copper.
D)   iron.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Immediately after absorption from the small intestine, fat-soluble vitamins appear in the lymph as part of

Accepted Answer

A)   chylomicrons.
B)   VLDLs.
C)   HDLs.
D)   phospholipids.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following are the best thiamin sources?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pork, whole grains, enriched cereals, legumes
B)   Root vegetables, cheddar-type cheese, deep yellow/orange fruits and vegetables
C)   Seafood, vegetables of the cabbage family, whole grains
D)   Milk, beef, deep yellow/orange fruits and vegetablesE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

________ are mostly stored in the liver and adipose tissue.

Accepted Answer

A)   Fat-soluble vitamins
B)   Water-soluble vitaminsC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 11

Megadoses are defined as vitamin intakes ________ times the estimated human needs to prevent a deficiency.

Accepted Answer

A)   1 to 2
B)   2 to 10
C)   50
D)   100E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

In the body, the amino acid tryptophan can be converted into

Accepted Answer

A)   niacin.
B)   thiamin.
C)   vitamin B-6.
D)   riboflavin.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Match the following terms with the descriptions below.
-Scurvy

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle weakness, loss of appetite, and nerve degeneration due to thiamin deficiency
B)  Unhealthy red blood cells and neurological problems related to poor vitamin B-12 status
C)  Soft bones due to vitamin D deficiency during childhood
D)  Dry and damaged eyes due to vitamin A deficiency
E)  Soft bones due to vitamin D deficiency during adulthoodF) Inability to see in low light due to vitamin A deficiencyG) Bruising, bleeding, and poor wound healing due to vitamin C deficiencyH) Diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia due to niacin deficiencyI) C) and H)
J) A) and G)

Question 14

Thiamin is distributed in small amounts in many foods. The most nutrient-dense source of thiamin is

Accepted Answer

A)   milk.
B)   pork.
C)   whole grain cereals.
D)   dark green vegetables.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Phytochemical

Accepted Answer

A)  Substance that has the ability to prevent or repair the damage caused by oxidation
B)  Pigment materials in fruits and vegetables that can be turned into vitamin A in the bod
C)  Animal chemical that has health protective actions
D)  Plant chemical that has health protective actions
E)  Unstable atom with an unpaired electron in its outermost shellF) Foods that have health benefits beyond basic nutritionG) B) and F)
H) A) and D)

Question 16

Formation and maintenance of collagen requires

Accepted Answer

A)   thiamin.
B)   vitamin C.
C)   pantothenic acid.
D)   folate.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins differ in which way?

Accepted Answer

A)   Water-soluble vitamins are stored, whereas fat-soluble vitamins are excreted readily.
B)   Water-soluble vitamins are less likely to be toxic.
C)   Fat-soluble vitamins have much less potential for being toxic.
D)   Water-soluble vitamins are best absorbed in the presence of dietary fat.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Match the following terms with the descriptions below.
-Rickets

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle weakness, loss of appetite, and nerve degeneration due to thiamin deficiency
B)  Unhealthy red blood cells and neurological problems related to poor vitamin B-12 status
C)  Soft bones due to vitamin D deficiency during childhood
D)  Dry and damaged eyes due to vitamin A deficiency
E)  Soft bones due to vitamin D deficiency during adulthoodF) Inability to see in low light due to vitamin A deficiencyG) Bruising, bleeding, and poor wound healing due to vitamin C deficiencyH) Diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia due to niacin deficiencyI) A) and E)
J) B) and G)

Question 19

Typically, about 50% to 90% of the B vitamins in the diet are absorbed. In other words, B vitamins have high

Accepted Answer

A)   essentiality.
B)   bioavailability.
C)   utilization.
D)   metabolism.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

The most reliable source of vitamin D in the diet is

Accepted Answer

A)   poultry.
B)   whole-grain cereals.
C)   yellow squash.
D)   fortified milk.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Exam 8: Vitamins

Which of the following population groups has increased vitamin C requirements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pernicious anemia is related to impaired absorption of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Megadoses are defined as vitamin intakes ________ times the estimated human needs to prevent a deficiency.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dennis had undergone a heart valve replacement and was placed on Coumadin (warfarin) . In order for the Coumadin to be effective, consistent daily consumption of ________ must be maintained.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pantothenic acid is required for the synthesis of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following terms with the descriptions below. -Rickets

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major effect of taking high doses of vitamin D is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Typically, about 50% to 90% of the B vitamins in the diet are absorbed. In other words, B vitamins have high

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following terms with the descriptions below. -Scurvy

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the body, the amino acid tryptophan can be converted into

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most reliable source of vitamin D in the diet is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Immediately after absorption from the small intestine, fat-soluble vitamins appear in the lymph as part of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Phytochemical

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thiamin is distributed in small amounts in many foods. The most nutrient-dense source of thiamin is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An important role of vitamin K is the synthesis of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bill's physician has written a prescription for 1.5 grams of nicotinic acid (a form of niacin) per day. Which of the following is a benefit of high doses of niacin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins differ in which way?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Formation and maintenance of collagen requires

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ are mostly stored in the liver and adipose tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are the best thiamin sources?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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