Question 1

Explain the following, on the basis of osmosis or osmotic pressure: Meat that is salted before cooking tends to dry out.

Accepted Answer

The water passes thr...

Question 2

Calcium nitrite is used as a corrosion inhibitor in lubricants. What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 18.5 g of calcium nitrite in 83.5 g of distilled water?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.181 m
B)   0.222 m
C)   0.596 m
D)   1.35 m
E)   1.68 mF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

If the shell of a raw egg is carefully dissolved away, and the egg in its flexible membrane is then placed in distilled water, the egg's volume will expand. Explain.

Accepted Answer

The osmotic pressure of the solution ins...

Question 4

Which of these compounds is a weak electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A)   HCl
B)   CH3COOH (acetic acid) 
C)   C6H12O6 (glucose) 
D)   O2
E)   NaClF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 5

The structure of Vitamin B1, thiamine, is shown here. Vitamin B1 is most soluble in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fats
B)   water
C)   air
D)   carbon tetrachloride
E)   octaneF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

When two pure substances are mixed to form a solution

Accepted Answer

A)   heat is released.
B)   heat is absorbed.
C)   there is an increase in entropy.
D)   there is a decrease in entropy.
E)   entropy is conserved.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Which combination of a 36.0% (w/w)  stock solution of acetic acid (d = 1.045 g/mL)  and water will result in 1.00 kg of a 15.0% (w/w)  acetic acid solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   417 mL of 36% acetic acid in 583 mL of distilled water
B)   417 g of 36% acetic acid in 583 g of distilled water
C)   360 mL of 36% acetic acid in 640 mL of distilled water
D)   360 g of 36% acetic acid in 640 g of distilled water
E)   150 g of 36% acetic acid in 850 g of distilled waterF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   The vapor pressure of a solvent over a solution decreases as its mole fraction increases.
B)   The solubility of a gas increases as the temperature decreases.
C)   The vapor pressure of a solvent over a solution is less than that of pure solvent.
D)   The greater the pressure of a gas over a solution, the greater its solubility.
E)   Ionic solutes dissociate in solution, causing an enhancement of all colligative properties.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 9

What volume of a 2.75 M solution of NaOH is required to make 500.0 mL of a 1.27 M solution of NaOH?

Accepted Answer

A)   231 mL
B)   1.72 L
C)   1.10 L
D)   440 mL
E)   909 mLF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 10

Which is most soluble in CCl4?

Accepted Answer

A)   NaCl
B)   H2O
C)   NaOH
D)   C8H18
E)   CH3OHF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

Which solution has the highest vapor pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.75 mol of a nonvolatile compound in 750 g of ethanol
B)   0.75 mol of a volatile compound in 750 g of ethanol
C)   1.5 mol of a nonvolatile compound in 750 g of ethanol
D)   Solutions A and B have the same vapor pressure and it is higher than the vapor pressure of solution C.
E)   Not enough information is given to determine which solution has the highest vapor pressure.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is not soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vitamin C
B)   NaCl
C)   CH3CH2OH
D)   NH3
E)   Vitamin EF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Which substance is present in the smallest proportion in a solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   liquid
B)   gas
C)   solvent
D)   solid
E)   soluteF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Colligative properties are properties that depend on the number of solvent particles in solution, but not on the nature of the solvent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Aqueous ammonia is commercially available in a solution that is 28% (w/w)  ammonia. What is the mole fraction of ammonia in such a solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.017
B)   0.023
C)   0.012
D)   0.24
E)   0.29F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Which of these compounds is a strong electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A)   H2O
B)   N2
C)   CH3COOH (acetic acid) 
D)   C2H6O (ethanol) 
E)   KOHF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 17

What is defined as the difference between the freezing point of a pure solvent and the freezing point of the solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   Freezing point
B)   Freezing-point elevation
C)   Freezing-point depression
D)   Subzero freezing
E)   SupercoolingF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

What is the molarity of a 17.0% by mass solution of sodium acetate, NaC2H3O2 (82.0 g/mol) , in water? The density of the solution is 1.09 g/mL.

Accepted Answer

A)   0.170 M
B)   0.207 M
C)   2.07 M
D)   2.26 M
E)   1.90 MF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

A solution containing 0.102 g of an unknown compound dissolved in 100. mL of water has an osmotic pressure of 28.1 mmHg at 20.°C. What is the molar mass of the compound? (R = 0.08206 L • atm/K • mol, 1 atm = 760 mmHg)

Accepted Answer

A)   663 g/mol
B)   0.872 g/mol
C)   1.15 g/mol
D)   727 g/mol
E)   1.10 × 102 g/molF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

What is defined as a solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved substances than plasma?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hypotonic
B)   Hypertonic
C)   Aplasmic
D)   Plasmic
E)   ColloidalF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 13: Physical Properties of Solutions

Aqueous ammonia is commercially available in a solution that is 28% (w/w) ammonia. What is the mole fraction of ammonia in such a solution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A solution containing 0.102 g of an unknown compound dissolved in 100. mL of water has an osmotic pressure of 28.1 mmHg at 20.°C. What is the molar mass of the compound? (R = 0.08206 L • atm/K • mol, 1 atm = 760 mmHg)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What volume of a 2.75 M solution of NaOH is required to make 500.0 mL of a 1.27 M solution of NaOH?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the molarity of a 17.0% by mass solution of sodium acetate, NaC2H3O2 (82.0 g/mol) , in water? The density of the solution is 1.09 g/mL.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is defined as the difference between the freezing point of a pure solvent and the freezing point of the solution?

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Which solution has the highest vapor pressure?

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Colligative properties are properties that depend on the number of solvent particles in solution, but not on the nature of the solvent.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which substance is present in the smallest proportion in a solution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When two pure substances are mixed to form a solution

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structure of Vitamin B1, thiamine, is shown here. Vitamin B1 is most soluble in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which combination of a 36.0% (w/w) stock solution of acetic acid (d = 1.045 g/mL) and water will result in 1.00 kg of a 15.0% (w/w) acetic acid solution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is most soluble in CCl4?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Calcium nitrite is used as a corrosion inhibitor in lubricants. What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 18.5 g of calcium nitrite in 83.5 g of distilled water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not soluble in water?

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What is defined as a solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved substances than plasma?

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If the shell of a raw egg is carefully dissolved away, and the egg in its flexible membrane is then placed in distilled water, the egg's volume will expand. Explain.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe osmotic pressure of the solution ins...View AnswerShow Answer

Which statement is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the following, on the basis of osmosis or osmotic pressure: Meat that is salted before cooking tends to dry out.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe water passes thr...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of these compounds is a strong electrolyte?

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Which of these compounds is a weak electrolyte?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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What is the molarity of a 17.0% by mass solution of sodium acetate, NaC₂H₃O₂ (82.0 g/mol) , in water? The density of the solution is 1.09 g/mL.

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Which is most soluble in CCl₄?

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The osmotic pressure of the solution ins...
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The water passes thr...
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