Question 1

Amniocentesis may be preferred over chorionic villus sampling (CVS)  for karyotyping because

Accepted Answer

A)   CVS takes much longer to obtain a karyotype.
B)   CVS is a more invasive procedure.
C)   amniocentesis has a lower risk of miscarriage than CVS.
D)   amniocentesis can be performed more quickly than CVS.
E)   a larger amount of tissue may be obtained through amniocentesis.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E) C

Question 2

A silent mutation is more likely to occur as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)   a frameshift mutation.
B)   a point mutation that does not change the amino acid encoded within the gene.
C)   the movement of a transposon into an exon.
D)   a point mutation that alters the amino acid encoded within the gene.
E)   a large dose of radiation.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B) B

Question 3

Which genetic disorder is due to a deletion on chromosome 7?

Accepted Answer

A)   Williams syndrome
B)   cri du chat syndrome
C)   Alagille syndrome
D)   Down syndrome
E)   cancerF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Which structure is used in the new treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)   adenovirus
B)   SCID
C)   bacteriophage
D)   hypodermic needles
E)   None of these structures are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

A child with bluish-purple skin is found to lack the enzyme diaphorase and is subsequently diagnosed with which genetic disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)   methemoglobinemia
B)   Duchenne muscular dystrophy
C)   Marfan syndrome
D)   sickle-cell disease
E)   color blindnessF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

An extra three nucleotides inserted into a gene will cause a frameshift mutation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In hemoglobin, the shift from glutamic acid to valine is considered what type of mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)   point mutation
B)   frameshift mutation
C)   transposons
D)   deletion
E)   duplicationF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Chromosome 7 may lose an end piece resulting in Williams syndrome. This is an example of a chromosomal

Accepted Answer

A)   inversion.
B)   duplication.
C)   deletion.
D)   translocation.
E)   epigenetic inheritance.F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following syndromes is caused by a translocation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alagille syndrome
B)   inv dup 15 syndrome
C)   Williams syndrome
D)   cri du chat syndrome
E)   Turner syndromeF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

A transposon may cause a mutation if it

Accepted Answer

A)   jumps into an exon of another gene.
B)   jumps into an intron of another gene.
C)   jumps into an intergenic DNA sequence.
D)   remains trapped within an intergenic DNA sequence.
E)   interacts with a physical mutagen.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Which one of the following diseases or disorders has not been treated using gene therapy methods?

Accepted Answer

A)   rheumatoid arthritis
B)   familial hypercholesterolemia
C)   cri du chat syndrome
D)   cystic fibrosis
E)   SCIDF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following consequences can arise as the result of a chromosomal inversion?

Accepted Answer

A)   The inverted sequence of alleles can lead to altered gene activity, but only if it disrupts the control of gene expression.
B)   The additional nucleotides added to the allele can cause it to produce an additional protein.
C)   The nucleotides that have been deleted from the allele will cause the new amino acid chain to be shortened.
D)   The multiple copies of the adenine nucleotide that have been added will increase the number of amino acids added to the chain.
E)   There are no consequences due to a chromosomal inversion.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 13

Inversions are chromosomal mutations that

Accepted Answer

A)   always result in a syndrome.
B)   neither increase nor decrease the amount of genetic material in the cell.
C)   rarely cause deletions or duplications during gamete formation when crossing-over occurs.
D)   result from duplication of a portion of a chromosome.
E)   never disrupt gene regulation or cause physical abnormalities.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Alleles associated with known genetic disorders can be detected using DNA microarray analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Transposons have been discovered in which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)   bacteria
B)   plants
C)   humans
D)   fruit flies
E)   All of the aboveF) C) and D)
G) A) and B) E

Question 16

To perform an in vivo gene therapy treatment, cells are removed from the patient's body, normal genes are added to them, and then the cells are returned to the patient's body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Ex vivo gene therapy differs from in vivo gene therapy in that

Accepted Answer

A)   ex vivo gene therapy involves directly introducing the gene into the body.
B)   in vivo gene therapy involves directly introducing the gene into the body.
C)   in vivo gene therapy only employs viruses for gene transfer.
D)   ex vivo gene therapy only employs viruses for gene transfer.
E)   ex vivo gene therapy can employ viruses, nasal sprays, or liposomes for gene transfer, but only liposomes may be used for in vivo gene therapy.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Gene therapy would not be an effective treatment for Down syndrome because

Accepted Answer

A)   scientists do not know which faulty genes cause the syndrome.
B)   Down syndrome results from having an extra chromosome with over a thousand genes.
C)   liposomes and nasal sprays cannot be used due to abnormalities in the respiratory tract of Down syndrome individuals.
D)   Down syndrome is not a genetic disorder.
E)   the gene therapy treatment could not be performed on an adult individual.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

A chromosome normally has the following sequence of genes: f-g-h-i-j-k-l-m. Upon testing, an individual is found to have the following sequence: f-g-h-i-j-k-k-j-i-l-m. What kind(s)  of chromosomal mutation(s)  does this chromosome have? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   deletion
B)   duplication
C)   translocation
D)   inversion
E)   frameshiftF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Which human disorder is being treated with gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)   severe combined immunodeficiency (SCI
D)  
B)   familial hypercholesterolemia
C)   cancer
D)   cystic fibrosis
E)   All of these are being treated with gene therapy.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Exam 13: Mutations and Genetic Testing

Amniocentesis may be preferred over chorionic villus sampling (CVS) for karyotyping because

Correct AnswerverifiedC

A silent mutation is more likely to occur as a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which genetic disorder is due to a deletion on chromosome 7?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure is used in the new treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child with bluish-purple skin is found to lack the enzyme diaphorase and is subsequently diagnosed with which genetic disorder?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An extra three nucleotides inserted into a gene will cause a frameshift mutation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In hemoglobin, the shift from glutamic acid to valine is considered what type of mutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chromosome 7 may lose an end piece resulting in Williams syndrome. This is an example of a chromosomal

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following syndromes is caused by a translocation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A transposon may cause a mutation if it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following diseases or disorders has not been treated using gene therapy methods?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following consequences can arise as the result of a chromosomal inversion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inversions are chromosomal mutations that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alleles associated with known genetic disorders can be detected using DNA microarray analysis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transposons have been discovered in which of the following groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

To perform an in vivo gene therapy treatment, cells are removed from the patient's body, normal genes are added to them, and then the cells are returned to the patient's body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ex vivo gene therapy differs from in vivo gene therapy in that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene therapy would not be an effective treatment for Down syndrome because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chromosome normally has the following sequence of genes: f-g-h-i-j-k-l-m. Upon testing, an individual is found to have the following sequence: f-g-h-i-j-k-k-j-i-l-m. What kind(s) of chromosomal mutation(s) does this chromosome have? Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which human disorder is being treated with gene therapy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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E

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