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Subsidies to encourage hospitals and physicians to adopt electronic medical records have resulted in which of the following?


A) improved care for a greater number of patients because of the efficiency gains
B) reduced health care costs because of the efficiency gains in record keeping
C) more patients seen but at a higher cost because of the high fixed cost of the recording devices
D) less care at higher costs, as the extensive record-keeping process reduces efficiency

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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U.S. hospitals provide a significant amount of uncompensated, or "free," health care every year to the uninsured poor who are rushed in for emergency or critical care.

A) True
B) False

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Rapidly rising U.S. health care costs have


A) forced the growth of wages to keep pace.
B) encouraged outsourcing.
C) caused some employers to use more part-time and temporary workers.
D) done all of these.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Health savings accounts enable individuals who have high-deductible private insurance to place tax-free dollars into special accounts that can be used to pay for medical expenses.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is a demand-increasing factor in the health care market?


A) rising incomes
B) the aging of the population
C) asymmetric information
D) all of these

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Health care spending in the next 10 years is projected to grow at an annual rate of about


A) 2.5 percent.
B) 5.5 percent.
C) 14.2 percent.
D) 20 percent.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Evaluate the statement: "Americans should be pleased with the advances in U.S. health care because it improves the overall standard of living."

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The statement is not exactly correct; th...

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The health care industry encompasses the following sectors, except


A) medical laboratories.
B) nursing homes.
C) nonprescription drugs.
D) health clubs.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The prominence of employer-provided health insurance in the U.S. has had the following major consequences, except


A) overuse of health care services.
B) rapidly rising prices of health care.
C) reform efforts have mostly focused on regulation of health insurance.
D) heightened awareness of employees about the true costs of their health care.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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All of the following are designed to reduce health care expenses for consumers except


A) HMOs.
B) PPOs.
C) the DRG payment system.
D) the fee-for-service system.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The rising prices, quantities, and costs of health care in the U.S. are the result of


A) demand for health care increasing faster than supply.
B) supply of health care decreasing.
C) supply of health care decreasing faster than demand.
D) supply of health care decreasing coupled with demand increasing.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Reasons for the rapid rise in demand for health care despite steeply rising prices include the following, except


A) people regarding health care as an entitlement or a right.
B) imperfect information among consumers of health care.
C) third-party insurance payments shielding consumers from the true cost of health care.
D) high income-elasticity of the demand for health care services.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Some insurance companies have teamed with hospitals and doctors to provide discounts for their services. The lists of cooperating doctors and hospitals are known as


A) health maintenance organizations.
B) preferred provider organizations.
C) diagnosis-related groups.
D) health alliances.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act prohibits insurance companies from denying coverage to anyone on the basis of a preexisting medical condition.

A) True
B) False

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Other things equal, increased emphasis on providing the best possible medical care for all, regardless of income, will


A) increase the demand for health care.
B) increase the supply of health care.
C) have no effect.
D) decrease the demand for health care.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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In the past several decades, U.S. health care expenditures have


A) risen absolutely but declined as a percentage of GDP.
B) declined absolutely but risen as a percentage of GDP.
C) risen absolutely and as a percentage of GDP.
D) declined absolutely and as a percentage of GDP.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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  Refer to the diagram, which shows the market for U.S. health care. Other things equal, which of the following would shift the supply curve for medical care from Sā‚‚ to S₁? A) an aging population B) significant cost-increasing medical technology C) expansion of the Medicare program to include prescription drugs D) lower medical malpractice insurance premiums Refer to the diagram, which shows the market for U.S. health care. Other things equal, which of the following would shift the supply curve for medical care from Sā‚‚ to S₁?


A) an aging population
B) significant cost-increasing medical technology
C) expansion of the Medicare program to include prescription drugs
D) lower medical malpractice insurance premiums

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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One way that the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA)hopes to foster competition among health insurance companies is through so-called insurance exchanges.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is a law passed in the last 20 years relating to health care?


A) establishment of health maintenance organizations to reduce health care costs
B) establishment of deductibles and copayments in health insurance policies
C) establishment of health savings accounts (HSAs) to promote saving for routine medical expenses
D) establishment of fixed Medicare payment to hospitals based on one of several hundred diagnostic categories

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following persons is most likely to be insured for health care?


A) a minimum-wage teenager working for a fast-food restaurant
B) a skilled worker employed by a large multinational corporation
C) an unemployed retail clerk
D) a part-time groundskeeper for a small manufacturing plant

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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