Question 1

The first stage of a specific immune response is the proliferation of B cells and T cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The 1918 influenza pandemic was notable for the number of people who died,particularly young people with healthy immune systems.Scientists believe that the deaths may have been caused by an overreaction of the immune system to infection.An out-of-control positive feedback loop can occur,because helper T cells and macrophages can both respond to and also secrete __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cytokines
B)  immunoglobulins
C)  perforin
D)  proteases
E)  T cell receptorsF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 3

Humoral immunity is mostly the function of

Accepted Answer

A)  cytotoxic T cells.
B)  B cells.
C)  Class I MHC.
D)  complement cells.
E)  mast cells.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Cytotoxic T cells destroy cancerous cells by

Accepted Answer

A)  forming the membrane attack complex.
B)  releasing vesicles containing proteases and perforin.
C)  activating natural killer cells.
D)  opsonization.
E)  secreting cytokines.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

It is estimated that humans can produce over 1.5 million different types of antibodies.Which of the following statements regarding this extraordinary variation is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  We inherit over 1.5 million different and distinct immunoglobulin genes from our parents at fertilization.
B)  V and J domains of antibody light chains are randomly joined.
C)  Random segments of DNA can be removed from antibody genes.
D)  V and J domains of antibody heavy chains are randomly joineD.
E)  Cytosines in the variable regions of antibody genes can be converted to uracils via hypermutation.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

A certain virus has evolved a novel virus coat protein that has never existed before. Which of the following molecules will still be able to bind this novel antigen? (Check all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)    immunoglobulin 
B)    perforin 
C)    T-cell receptor 
D)    Toll-like receptor E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE of both T cells and B cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are lymphocytes.
B)  They recognize specific antigens on the cell surface.
C)  When activated,they proliferate to form both effector cells and memory cells.
D)  They are involved in the humoral immune response.
E)  All of the responses are correct.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Helper T cells activate both B cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tonsils
B)  Spleen
C)  Lymph node
D)  Bone marrow
E)  PancreasF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 10

Specific immunity in the extracellular fluid is provide by mainly

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG and IgM
B)  IgM and IgD
C)  IgA and IgE
D)  IgD and IgA
E)  IgE and IgGF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 11

_________ is a characteristic of the early stages of a local inflammation response.

Accepted Answer

A)  Arteriole constriction
B)  Fever
C)  Attack by cytotoxic T cells
D)  Release of histamines
E)  Release of CD4F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

The three major types of pathogens are bacteria,viruses,and cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Immunoglobulins counteract microbes in all of the following ways EXCEPT which?

Accepted Answer

A)  perforating the microbial cell membrane
B)  binding toxins
C)  linking microbes to complement proteins
D)  linking microbes to phagocytes
E)  linking microbes to NK cellsF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

The clonal selection theory implies that

Accepted Answer

A)  related people have similar immune responses.
B)  antigens activate specific lymphocytes.
C)  only certain cells can produce interferon.
D)  memory cells are present at birth.
E)  the body selects which antigens it will respond to.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Antigen-presenting cells include

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages.
B)  macrophages and B cells.
C)  dendritic cells and macrophages.
D)  dendritic cells and B cells.
E)  macrophages,B cells and dendritic cells.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

A doctor discovers that her patient can produce antibodies against some bacterial pathogens,but he is unable to protect himself against viral infections.The doctor suspects a disorder in her patient's

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells.
B)  plasma cells.
C)  cytotoxic T cells.
D)  suppressor T cells.
E)  macrophages.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 17

PAMP is an enzyme involved in creating immunoglobulin light chains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What is part of the body's initial line of defense against pathogens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phagocytes
B)  Mucous membranes
C)  B cells
D)  Memory T cells
E)  CytokinesF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

In mammalian defenses against invading pathogens,all of these are considered nonspecific defense mechanisms EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  acquired immunity.
B)  the skin.
C)  mucous membranes.
D)  the inflammatory response.
E)  antimicrobial proteins (E.g. ,interferon) .F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

HIV is devastating to the immune system because it destroys helper T cells,which are important for both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.If both humoral and cell-mediated immunity are nonfunctional,the body has no remaining defense against pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 41: Immune Systems

HIV is devastating to the immune system because it destroys helper T cells,which are important for both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.If both humoral and cell-mediated immunity are nonfunctional,the body has no remaining defense against pathogens.

Correct Answer
verified

What is part of the body's initial line of defense against pathogens?

Correct Answer
verified

In mammalian defenses against invading pathogens,all of these are considered nonspecific defense mechanisms EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Specific immunity in the extracellular fluid is provide by mainly

Correct Answer
verified

A certain virus has evolved a novel virus coat protein that has never existed before. Which of the following molecules will still be able to bind this novel antigen? (Check all that apply.)

Correct Answer
verified

The three major types of pathogens are bacteria,viruses,and cancer.

Correct Answer
verified

Immunoglobulins counteract microbes in all of the following ways EXCEPT which?

Correct Answer
verified

A doctor discovers that her patient can produce antibodies against some bacterial pathogens,but he is unable to protect himself against viral infections.The doctor suspects a disorder in her patient's

Correct Answer
verified

Helper T cells activate both B cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Correct Answer
verified

It is estimated that humans can produce over 1.5 million different types of antibodies.Which of the following statements regarding this extraordinary variation is INCORRECT?

Correct Answer
verified

_________ is a characteristic of the early stages of a local inflammation response.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is TRUE of both T cells and B cells?

Correct Answer
verified

PAMP is an enzyme involved in creating immunoglobulin light chains.

Correct Answer
verified

Antigen-presenting cells include

Correct Answer
verified

Humoral immunity is mostly the function of

Correct Answer
verified

Cytotoxic T cells destroy cancerous cells by

Correct Answer
verified

The first stage of a specific immune response is the proliferation of B cells and T cells.

Correct Answer
verified

The clonal selection theory implies that

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 41: Immune Systems

HIV is devastating to the immune system because it destroys helper T cells,which are important for both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.If both humoral and cell-mediated immunity are nonfunctional,the body has no remaining defense against pathogens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is part of the body's initial line of defense against pathogens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In mammalian defenses against invading pathogens,all of these are considered nonspecific defense mechanisms EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Specific immunity in the extracellular fluid is provide by mainly

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A certain virus has evolved a novel virus coat protein that has never existed before. Which of the following molecules will still be able to bind this novel antigen? (Check all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The three major types of pathogens are bacteria,viruses,and cancer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Immunoglobulins counteract microbes in all of the following ways EXCEPT which?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A doctor discovers that her patient can produce antibodies against some bacterial pathogens,but he is unable to protect himself against viral infections.The doctor suspects a disorder in her patient's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Helper T cells activate both B cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is estimated that humans can produce over 1.5 million different types of antibodies.Which of the following statements regarding this extraordinary variation is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_________ is a characteristic of the early stages of a local inflammation response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is TRUE of both T cells and B cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

PAMP is an enzyme involved in creating immunoglobulin light chains.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antigen-presenting cells include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humoral immunity is mostly the function of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cytotoxic T cells destroy cancerous cells by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first stage of a specific immune response is the proliferation of B cells and T cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The clonal selection theory implies that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified