Question 1

If the bicarbonate used in malonyl-CoA synthesis were labeled with 14C in the biosynthesis of palmitate,where would the label be found in the reaction products?

Accepted Answer

A)   CO2
B)   C-16 of palmitate
C)   C-1 of palmitate
D)   evenly distributed in palmitateE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

The processing of one molecule of stearic acid (18 carbons)  by b-oxidation

Accepted Answer

A)   requires 8 cycles of b-oxidation and produces 9 molecules of acetyl-CoA.
B)   requires 8 cycles of b-oxidation and produces 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA.
C)   requires 9 cycles of b-oxidation and produces 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA.
D)   requires 9 cycles of b-oxidation and produces 9 molecules of acetyl-CoA.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

The ultimate precursor of all the carbon atoms in steroids is

Accepted Answer

A)   acetyl-CoA (acetyl group) 
B)   oxaloacetate
C)   succinyl-CoA (succinyl group) 
D)   a-ketoglutarateE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

The acyl carrier used in fatty acid synthesis is similar to coenzyme A.
A. True
B. False

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The first committed precursor in the pathway for the synthesis of cholesterol is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Isoprene
B)   Lanosterol
C)   Mevalonic acid
D)   Squalene
E)   None of these is correct.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

The first true steroid synthesized in the steroid pathway is the following:

Accepted Answer

A)   Cholesterol.
B)   Squalene
C)   Lanosterol
D)   Progesterone
E)   Mevalonic acidF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown?

Accepted Answer

A)   I
B)   II
C)   III
D)   IVE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

A key intermediate in the catabolism of fatty acids with uneven numbers of carbon atoms is

Accepted Answer

A)   malonyl-CoA
B)   propionyl-CoA
C)   oxaloacetate
D)   phosphoenolpyruvateE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Cholesterol can be made in the body; however,some must still be eaten in the diet,since we cannot make enough to meet the demand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is not true regarding ketone bodies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ketone bodies form during the catabolism of fats.
B)   Ketone bodies are an effective means for weight loss, since the body will excrete them in the urine.
C)   The first enzyme used in the production of ketone bodies is thiolase
D)   Ketone bodies are always an alternative fuel in all tissuesE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following statements below about the activation of fatty acids is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Activation involves the formation of a high energy thioester bond.
B)   Activation is accompanied by hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and Pi.
C)   Activation includes the formation of an acyl-adenylate intermediate.
D)   Activation includes hydrolysis of ATP to produce AMP and PPi, with the further hydrolysis of PPi to drive the reaction to completion.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Which are the three most common ketone bodies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Acetone, formaldehyde, acetoacetate.
B)   Acetone, butyric acid and oxaloacetate.
C)   Acetone, b-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate.
D)   Acetone, b-hydroxybutyrate and oxaloacetate.
E)   Acetocetate, b-hydroxybutyrate and oxaloacetate.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Lipoproteins are incorporated into the cell by a process called pinocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Isomerization of the double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids involves both cis-trans isomerization and changing the position of the double bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The reactions involved in b-oxidation of fatty acids include the following:  The correct order of these reactions is:

Accepted Answer

A)   1 2 3 4
B)   4 3 2 1
C)   3 2 4 1
D)   2 4 3 1
E)   1 4 3 2F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

The addition of two-carbon units to a growing fatty acid chain is directly driven by

Accepted Answer

A)   reduction of NADP+
B)   oxidation of NADPH
C)   decarboxylation of malonyl-CoA
D)   hydrolysis of ATPE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

The carrier molecule which transports fatty acids through the inner mitochondrial membrane is

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP.
B)  Carnitine.
C)  Coenzyme A.
D)  Lipoic Acid.
E)  none of theseF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Phospholipases break down fats by

Accepted Answer

A)   adding a phosphate group to them.
B)   reducing the double bonds to single bonds.
C)   hydrolyzing them.
D)   removing acetyl-CoA units.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

How many NAD+ are reduced in the degradation of palmitoyl-CoA to form eight molecules of acetyl-CoA?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   7
C)   8
D)   14
E)   16F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

ACP used in fatty acid synthesis is an abbreviation for:

Accepted Answer

A)   Acetyl-CoA phosphate.
B)   Adenosine cyclo-phosphate.
C)   Acyl Carnitine Protein
D)   Acyl Carrier Protein.
E)   None of these is correct.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Exam 21: Lipid Metabolism

The first committed precursor in the pathway for the synthesis of cholesterol is:

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Which of the following statements below about the activation of fatty acids is false?

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How many NAD+ are reduced in the degradation of palmitoyl-CoA to form eight molecules of acetyl-CoA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reactions involved in b-oxidation of fatty acids include the following: The correct order of these reactions is:

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The acyl carrier used in fatty acid synthesis is similar to coenzyme A. A. True B. False

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The addition of two-carbon units to a growing fatty acid chain is directly driven by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cholesterol can be made in the body; however,some must still be eaten in the diet,since we cannot make enough to meet the demand.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first true steroid synthesized in the steroid pathway is the following:

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ACP used in fatty acid synthesis is an abbreviation for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which are the three most common ketone bodies?

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The processing of one molecule of stearic acid (18 carbons) by b-oxidation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the bicarbonate used in malonyl-CoA synthesis were labeled with 14C in the biosynthesis of palmitate,where would the label be found in the reaction products?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The carrier molecule which transports fatty acids through the inner mitochondrial membrane is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phospholipases break down fats by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A key intermediate in the catabolism of fatty acids with uneven numbers of carbon atoms is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true regarding ketone bodies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Isomerization of the double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids involves both cis-trans isomerization and changing the position of the double bonds.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lipoproteins are incorporated into the cell by a process called pinocytosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ultimate precursor of all the carbon atoms in steroids is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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How many NAD⁺ are reduced in the degradation of palmitoyl-CoA to form eight molecules of acetyl-CoA?

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If the bicarbonate used in malonyl-CoA synthesis were labeled with ¹⁴C in the biosynthesis of palmitate,where would the label be found in the reaction products?

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