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A productive failure is one that is regarded as an opportunity to learn.

A) True
B) False

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The essence of the fundamental attribution error is people tend to overattribute behavior to external rather than internal causes.

A) True
B) False

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At a recent management department meeting,faculty were given five Sticky Notes to write down their responses to the question,"What are the possible causes of so many student cuts in class?" After all the Sticky Notes were posted,the chairperson said,"These ten seem to deal with the attendance policy,these five talk about how hard it is to walk from one class to the next in the time allotted between classes,and these ten all say that tests don't cover lecture material." The management department was:


A) using an affinity diagram.
B) creating a black and white fallacy.
C) trying the Swiss Cheese technique.
D) using a BOT chart.
E) conducting an iceberg test.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Problem-solving experts agree certain patterns that appear in BOTs can help to identify a systematic problem,one not likely to respond to a quick fix.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following warnings is a good defense for decision biases?


A) Do not jump to conclusions.
B) Do not listen to advice from your friends.
C) Do not look for nonsupporting evidence.
D) Do not fall prey to confidence estimates and ranges.
E) Do not ignore chance.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Brainwriting sessions can be improved by:


A) limiting diversity of participants.
B) insisting on literal language,not metaphors.
C) assuming a "perfect world."
D) not giving feedback.
E) no stoppage or reflecting at any time during the session.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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C

Give two examples of the judgment error of anchoring and adjustment.

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Two examples of the judgment error of an...

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List any three ways in which people solve the wrong problem precisely.

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There are several ways in which people s...

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Your cousin Vicky remodeled an old beach house last year.Vicky put on a new roof and shelled the driveway.This year,he needs to upgrade the electricity and replace most of the plumbing.You asked him,"Why don't you just sell?" Vicky waved a stack of invoices in your face and said,"I already put this much money into the place!" This statement is an example of the _______________ type of judgment error.


A) availability
B) escalation of commitment
C) anchoring and adjustment
D) confirmation
E) overconfidence

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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A manager should delegate a decision to subordinates if the decision outcome is of no significance to the organization and employee commitment does not impact the decision outcome.

A) True
B) False

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Satisficing:


A) results from choosing a wrong decision.
B) is a perfect problem solution.
C) replaces sensitivity in corporate decision making.
D) is a result of bounded rationality.
E) constantly leads to overconfidence.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Zack arrived late for a meeting this morning because there was a 20 -car pile-up on the beltway.Ryan,his manager,assumed Zack overslept because he partied too much last night.Which of the following statements is most accurate?


A) Ryan committed a fundamental attribution error.
B) Zack committed a fundamental attribution error.
C) Zack used the ladder of inference.
D) Zack used the self-serving bias.
E) Ryan used the self-serving bias.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Morgan is discussing a project rollout with his major suppliers as he begins the "_____________" PADIL stage.


A) problem
B) alternatives
C) decide
D) implement
E) learn

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Describe three myths of problem solving.

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Some myths of problem-solving are:
β€’Taki...

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You are a student of an organizational behavior (OB)course.You are not entirely convinced that the course content you are being taught is relevant to the real world and would like to see a revision of it.Perform a stakeholder analysis for this issue.

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Stakeholder analysis is an essential too...

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John attended a PADIL workshop.He is developing inquiry skills to:


A) improve interpersonal relationships.
B) examine mental models.
C) identify black or white events.
D) minimize risk.
E) understand motivation.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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B

Rational problem-solving skills are deficient in most young managers because:


A) most problems are complex,without clear definition.
B) decision making is not needed until middle or executive management ranks.
C) young managers have not yet learned to trust their first instincts.
D) young managers are hesitant to act.
E) effective problem-solving frameworks are too complex in form and concept.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A manager may solve the wrong problem if the right stakeholders are not included in defining the problem to be solved.

A) True
B) False

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The question,"How will this change affect other things?" is critical to being effective in problem solving.In the problem framing PADIL step,this refers to a:


A) black or white fallacy test.
B) satisficing sequence.
C) bounded approach.
D) systems approach.
E) rational confidence level.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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According to Vroom and Yetton,which of the following approaches to problem-solving is most manager-driven?


A) Facilitate
B) Delegate
C) Order
D) Decide
E) Challenge

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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D

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