Question 1

If you wanted to block transcription of a group of functionally related genes in a prokaryote,you could place an obstacle

Accepted Answer

A)  upstream of both the promoter and operon.
B)  downstream of both the promoter and operon.
C)  place an obstacle downstream of the promoter,but upstream of the operon.
D)  place an obstacle upstream of the promoter,but downstream of the operon.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The codons that serve as "stop" signals for the protein synthesis are called

Accepted Answer

A)  anticodons.
B)  release codons.
C)  nonsense codons.
D)  amino acid codons.
E)  tRNA codons.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 3

In eukaryotes,the empty RNA molecules exit the ribosome from the

Accepted Answer

A)  E site.
B)  P site.
C)  A site.
D)  active site.
E)  allosteric sitE.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Amino acids are transported to the ribosome for use in building the polypeptide by

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA molecules.
B)  tRNA molecules.
C)  DNA polymerase molecules.
D)  rRNA molecules.
E)  DNA ligase molecules.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Which type of RNA is thought to help protect cells from viral attack?

Accepted Answer

A)  sn RNA
B)  siRNA
C)  SRP RNA
D)  mRNAE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

If the DNA triplet code were ATG CGT,the tRNA anticodons would be

Accepted Answer

A)  AUG CGU.
B)  ATG CGT.
C)  UAC GCA.
D)  UAG CGU.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The Central Dogma of biology is stated as

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins  →\rarr→  RNA →\rarr→   DNA.
B)  RNA →\rarr→   DNA →\rarr→   proteins.
C)  DNA →\rarr→  proteins →\rarr→   RNA.
D)  DNA →\rarr→   RNA →\rarr→   proteins. E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 8

In _________,a ribosome assembles a polypeptide,whose amino acid sequence is specified by the nucleotide sequence in the mRNA (which itself is a copy of the template DNA) .

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription
B)  translation
C)  replication
D)  synthesisE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Eukaryotic mRNA molecules are modified

Accepted Answer

A)  in the cytoplasm.
B)  at the ribosome.
C)  in the nucleus.
D)  at the Golgi complex.
E)  at the initiation of transcription.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

The basic genetic information of the cell;contained in chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA
B)  RNA polymerase
C)  mRNA
D)  rRNAE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Each amino acid has a specific tRNA molecule that can transport it to the site of protein synthesis.Therefore,in humans the number of different tRNA molecules would be

Accepted Answer

A)  3.
B)  20.
C)  40.
D)  80.
E)  thousands.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

The nucleotide sequence of a mRNA codon is composed of how many bases?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  3
D)  16
E)  64F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

The location of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells is the

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus.
B)  cytoplasm.
C)  plasma membrane.
D)  Golgi apparatus.
E)  vacuolE.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 14

The hereditary information in DNA is conveyed through the

Accepted Answer

A)  production of all three kinds of RNA molecules.
B)  production of a lipid bilayer.
C)  production of DNA copies.
D)  production of many proteins and polypeptides.
E)  production of all of the codons.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

What problem is overcome by the presence of more than one promoter element?

Accepted Answer

A)  The transcription start site can be identified.
B)  The orientation of transcription can be established.
C)  Binding sites for both the core polymerase and holoenzyme are provided.
D)  The transcription bubble can be properly formeD.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Eukaryotic organisms and prokaryotic organisms differ in how gene information is processed.Select the statement that best explains this difference.

Accepted Answer

A)  Prokaryote genes are transcribed into mRNA,which is translated immediately.Eukaryote genes contain long sequences of nucleotides that do not code for amino acids and have to be removed from the primary transcript.
B)  Prokaryote genes are transcribed directly into a polypeptide,while eukaryote genes have mRNA and tRNA involved in polypeptide assembly.
C)  Prokaryote genes are translated before being transcribed into mRNA.Eukaryotic genes are transcribed into mRNA and then translated.
D)  Prokaryote genes are edited of all introns before being transcribed into mRNA,while eukaryotic genes are edited after mRNA formation.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

The "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis was proposed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Watson and Crick.
B)  Griffith.
C)  Garrod.
D)  Franklin.
E)  Beadle and Tatum.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Messenger RNA molecules are copies of DNA;they travel to the ribosomes to direct the assembly of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins
B)  amino acids
C)  polypeptides
D)  fatty acidsE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

The mutation responsible for Huntington's disease is a

Accepted Answer

A)  missense mutation.
B)  nonsense mutation.
C)  frameshift mutation.
D)  triplet repeat expansion mutation.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Gene expression includes which two of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription and replication
B)  replication and repression
C)  protein synthesis and replication
D)  mutation and cell division
E)  transcription and translationF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Exam 15: Genes and How They Work

The codons that serve as "stop" signals for the protein synthesis are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each amino acid has a specific tRNA molecule that can transport it to the site of protein synthesis.Therefore,in humans the number of different tRNA molecules would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The basic genetic information of the cell;contained in chromosomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic mRNA molecules are modified

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The location of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic organisms and prokaryotic organisms differ in how gene information is processed.Select the statement that best explains this difference.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of RNA is thought to help protect cells from viral attack?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amino acids are transported to the ribosome for use in building the polypeptide by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mutation responsible for Huntington's disease is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hereditary information in DNA is conveyed through the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In eukaryotes,the empty RNA molecules exit the ribosome from the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nucleotide sequence of a mRNA codon is composed of how many bases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis was proposed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene expression includes which two of the following processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In _________,a ribosome assembles a polypeptide,whose amino acid sequence is specified by the nucleotide sequence in the mRNA (which itself is a copy of the template DNA) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Messenger RNA molecules are copies of DNA;they travel to the ribosomes to direct the assembly of ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the DNA triplet code were ATG CGT,the tRNA anticodons would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Central Dogma of biology is stated as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What problem is overcome by the presence of more than one promoter element?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you wanted to block transcription of a group of functionally related genes in a prokaryote,you could place an obstacle

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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