Question 1

FtsZ,MreB,and CreS proteins regulate the shape and structure of bacterial (prokaryotes) cells.These proteins are homologous to the _______ in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A)  extracellular matrix
B)  DNA processing enzymes
C)  cytoskeleton
D)  organelles
E)  cell wallF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

The Endosymbiosis theory best describes the origins of peroxisomes in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Transmission and scanning electron microscopy differ because

Accepted Answer

A)  transmission electron microscopy has high resolution,but scanning electron microscopy does not.
B)  transmission electron microscopy shows contrast,but scanning electron microscopy does not.
C)  transmission electron microscopy has much higher magnification than scanning electron microscopy.
D)  transmission electron microscopy shows two-dimensional ultrastructure,while the scanning electron microscopy shows three-dimensional structure.
E)  transmission electron microscopy uses light as an illumination source,while scanning electron microscopy uses electron beams as an illumination sourcE.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Emphysema is caused by an increase in elastase that breaks down elastin.Predict the symptoms you would see in a patient with emphysema?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased ability of the lungs to expand and contract.
B)  Thickening of the cell wall.
C)  Thinning of the cell wall.
D)  Decreased flexibility in joints.
E)  Thickening of the extra cellular matrix.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Wrinkling observed with aging is do to increased production of the extracellular matrix molecule,collagen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Proteoglycans are _____

Accepted Answer

A)  both composed of polysaccharides called glycosaminoglycans and provide resistance to compression.
B)  composed of polysaccharides called glycosaminoglycans.
C)  both composed of collagen and provide resistance to compression.
D)  resistant to compression.
E)  composed of collagen.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

A fabric company wants to create a new material based on cell research for the army that is able to bear high levels of tension efficiently.What cellular structure should be the target?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microtubules.
B)  Intermediate filaments.
C)  Microfilaments.
D)  Centrioles.
E)  Pili.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

If the tight junctions in the intestine were disrupted

Accepted Answer

A)  intestinal cells could not attach to integral membrane proteins.
B)  small molecules would not be able to move into cells lining the intestine.
C)  small molecules would not be exchanged between neighboring intestinal cells.
D)  intestinal cells could not attach to the extracellular matrix.
E)  bacteria could move from the intestines to the bloodstream causing an infection.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 9

Cellulose in the cell wall is a primary energy store for plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In order to gain the highest resolution when looking at a cell the best type of microscopy is

Accepted Answer

A)  phase-contrast light microscopy.
B)  scanning electron microscopy.
C)  differential-interference light microscopy.
D)  confocal microscopy.
E)  fluorescence microscopy.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

The nucleus is to eukaryotes as the ________ is to prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmid
B)  RNA strand
C)  ribosome
D)  nucleoid
E)  nucleolusF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Determine the order of the processes occurring as a protein travels through the endomembrane system.

Accepted Answer

A)  Movement through the cis,medial and rans regions.
B)  Attachment of protein to cargo receptors.
C)  Translation of protein into the Rough ER.
D)  Release of the protein out of the cell.
E)  Transportation to the Golgi.F) Pinching of vesicle into the cytoplasm.G) A) and B)
H) D) and E)

Question 13

Blood vessels that can expand and contract contain a lot of collagen as a structural extracellular matrix protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

These anchorage junctions interact with intermediate filaments and anchor cells to the extracellular matrix.

Accepted Answer

A)  focal adhesions
B)  adherens junctions
C)  fibronectin
D)  hemidesmosomes
E)  desmosomesF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 15

In order to visualize the fine structure of viruses and cytoskeletal filaments at 10-25 nanometers in diameter the type of microscopy that would be ideal is

Accepted Answer

A)  standard light microscopy.
B)  phase-contrast light microscopy.
C)  transmission electron microscopy.
D)  darkfield light microscopy.
E)  differential-interference microscopy.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 16

The specialized structure that stores pigments,water,inorganic ions and maintains turgor pressure is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi apparatus.
B)  vacuole.
C)  peroxisomes.
D)  vesicles.
E)  lysosomes.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

The gonads produce steroids.The specific steroid-producing organelle in gonad cells is

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes.
B)  lysosomes.
C)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
D)  mitochondria.
E)  contractile vacuolE.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

During a period of low water availability,the prokaryotic structure that would protect a cell from desiccation (drying out) is the

Accepted Answer

A)  pili.
B)  plasma membrane.
C)  nucleus.
D)  cell wall.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

If a drug blocked the activity of an integrin that cell would not be able to respond to changes in the ECM.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

To observe the three-dimensional structure of a cell the best type of microscopy would be

Accepted Answer

A)  fluorescence microscopy.
B)  standard light microscopy.
C)  scanning electron microscopy.
D)  differential-interference light microscopy.
E)  transmission electron microscopy.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 4: General Features of Cells

The Endosymbiosis theory best describes the origins of peroxisomes in eukaryotes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to visualize the fine structure of viruses and cytoskeletal filaments at 10-25 nanometers in diameter the type of microscopy that would be ideal is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

FtsZ,MreB,and CreS proteins regulate the shape and structure of bacterial (prokaryotes) cells.These proteins are homologous to the _______ in eukaryotes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a drug blocked the activity of an integrin that cell would not be able to respond to changes in the ECM.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to gain the highest resolution when looking at a cell the best type of microscopy is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood vessels that can expand and contract contain a lot of collagen as a structural extracellular matrix protein.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nucleus is to eukaryotes as the ________ is to prokaryotes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gonads produce steroids.The specific steroid-producing organelle in gonad cells is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transmission and scanning electron microscopy differ because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emphysema is caused by an increase in elastase that breaks down elastin.Predict the symptoms you would see in a patient with emphysema?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During a period of low water availability,the prokaryotic structure that would protect a cell from desiccation (drying out) is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cellulose in the cell wall is a primary energy store for plants.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Determine the order of the processes occurring as a protein travels through the endomembrane system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A fabric company wants to create a new material based on cell research for the army that is able to bear high levels of tension efficiently.What cellular structure should be the target?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

These anchorage junctions interact with intermediate filaments and anchor cells to the extracellular matrix.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Wrinkling observed with aging is do to increased production of the extracellular matrix molecule,collagen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The specialized structure that stores pigments,water,inorganic ions and maintains turgor pressure is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To observe the three-dimensional structure of a cell the best type of microscopy would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the tight junctions in the intestine were disrupted

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteoglycans are _____

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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