Question 1

In the Strange Situation,Quentin cries mildly when his caregiver departs.However,he is happy upon reunion,and then continues to explore once the caregiver has returned.He would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  securely attached.
B)  insecure disorganized.
C)  insecure resistant.
D)  insecure avoidant.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment,how long does phase 1 last?

Accepted Answer

A)  From 10 to 18 months
B)  From birth to 2 months
C)  From 2 to 7 months
D)  From 18 to 24 monthsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Savina is low in activity level,somewhat negative in affect,and doesn't like novelty.How would Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas most likely describe her temperament?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Savina is low in activity level,somewhat negative...

Question 4

A study of mother-infant dyads from age 7 months to 2 years found that maternal sensitivity and autonomy predicted:

Accepted Answer

A)  secure attachments.
B)  avoidant attachments.
C)  resistant attachments.
D)  disorganized attachments.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The research on fathers as caregivers indicates that fathers:

Accepted Answer

A)  are less able to be nurturing caregivers than mothers.
B)  are biologically more suited for a nurturing caregiver role than are mothers.
C)  interact with their babies in different ways,depending on whether they are the primary caregiver.
D)  interact with their babies in different ways than mothers do,regardless of which parent is the primary caregiver.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

_____ refers to the match between a child's temperament and the environmental demands the child must cope with.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social referencing
B)  Secure attachment
C)  Goodness of fit
D)  Reciprocal socializationE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The Strange Situation is an observational measure of infant attachment developed by Mary Ainsworth.It requires the infant to:

Accepted Answer

A)  crawl through a dark tunnel with his/her mother and a stranger waiting on the other side.
B)  move through a series of introductions,separations,and reunions with his/her mother and a stranger.
C)  experience loud noises in a room with only a stranger present.
D)  choose between his/her mother and his/her father in a strange situation.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of the following emotions is expressed by infants in the first six months of life?

Accepted Answer

A)  Shame
B)  Embarrassment
C)  Jealousy
D)  FearE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following characterizes phase 1 of Bowlby's model of attachment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants instinctively direct their attachment to human figures.
B)  Children become aware of others' feelings,goals,and plans,and begin to take these into account in forming their own actions.
C)  Attachment becomes focused on one figure,usually the primary caregiver.
D)  Infants start to lose attachment to their primary caregivers.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Therese is one-month-old and often smiles during sleep; this is most likely a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Therese is one-month-old and often smiles during...

Question 11

Which of the following would Erik Erikson be MOST likely to recommend about soothing a crying infant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Do not soothe the baby because he/she will become spoiled.
B)  Pick up the baby and soothe him/her so that a healthy sense of trust develops.
C)  Allow the infant to cry because this will encourage the development of a self-sufficient child.
D)  Soothe the baby about every other time so that he/she does not become dependent on external comforters.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Baby Pilar is crying.Her crying is characterized by the sudden appearance of loud crying without preliminary moaning,followed by breath holding.This is most likely a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Baby Pilar is crying.Her crying is characterized...

Question 13

When infants become stressed,they show better biological recovery from the stressors when their caregivers

Accepted Answer

A)  ignore the infant's responses.
B)  give the infants something sweet to eat.
C)  engage in sensitive caregiving with them.
D)  increase the number of stressors in the environment.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

"Easy," "difficult," and "slow-to-warm-up" are three basic types of _____ identified by psychiatrists Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas.

Accepted Answer

A)  trust
B)  emotion
C)  attachment
D)  temperamentE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

In the Aka pygmy culture in Africa,fathers:

Accepted Answer

A)  leave the family once the mother has given birth.
B)  spend very little time with their infants.
C)  spend as much time interacting with their infants as mothers do.
D)  spend far more time with their infants than the mothers do.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Quimby,age 15 months,looks to her mother to see if she should be afraid of the stranger who has come to her home.Quimby relaxes when she sees her mother smiling and speaking to the stranger in a calm voice.Quimby is engaging in:

Accepted Answer

A)  social checking.
B)  social scoping.
C)  social referencing.
D)  social validation.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

The longitudinal study conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 1991 concluded that:

Accepted Answer

A)  a majority of the child care in the first three years of life was of very high quality.
B)  a child in child care,regardless of the quality,will be more socially incompetent.
C)  the home environment is the most important predictor of attachment to caregivers.
D)  children who were given high-quality child care performed better on cognitive and language tasks.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 18

When people become parents through pregnancy,adoption,or stepparenting,they face _____ and must adapt.

Accepted Answer

A)  equilibrium
B)  disturbance
C)  disequilibrium
D)  symmetryE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

A recent study found a link between high-quality child care and

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in externalizing behaviors in preschool.
B)  improved memory skills in preschool.
C)  a decrease in peer approval ratings in preschool.
D)  an increase in internalizing behaviors in preschool.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognition
B)  Communication
C)  Sensation
D)  SucklingE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Savina is low in activity level,somewhat negative in affect,and doesn't like novelty.How would Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas most likely describe her temperament?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Quimby,age 15 months,looks to her mother to see if she should be afraid of the stranger who has come to her home.Quimby relaxes when she sees her mother smiling and speaking to the stranger in a calm voice.Quimby is engaging in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Strange Situation is an observational measure of infant attachment developed by Mary Ainsworth.It requires the infant to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The research on fathers as caregivers indicates that fathers:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Easy," "difficult," and "slow-to-warm-up" are three basic types of _____ identified by psychiatrists Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characterizes phase 1 of Bowlby's model of attachment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When infants become stressed,they show better biological recovery from the stressors when their caregivers

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The longitudinal study conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 1991 concluded that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people become parents through pregnancy,adoption,or stepparenting,they face _____ and must adapt.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baby Pilar is crying.Her crying is characterized by the sudden appearance of loud crying without preliminary moaning,followed by breath holding.This is most likely a(n)_____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment,how long does phase 1 last?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A study of mother-infant dyads from age 7 months to 2 years found that maternal sensitivity and autonomy predicted:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A recent study found a link between high-quality child care and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ refers to the match between a child's temperament and the environmental demands the child must cope with.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would Erik Erikson be MOST likely to recommend about soothing a crying infant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following emotions is expressed by infants in the first six months of life?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Therese is one-month-old and often smiles during sleep; this is most likely a(n)_____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Strange Situation,Quentin cries mildly when his caregiver departs.However,he is happy upon reunion,and then continues to explore once the caregiver has returned.He would be classified as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Aka pygmy culture in Africa,fathers:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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