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According to Denise Park,much of the blame for declining memory in late middle age is a result of:


A) neuroanatomical changes during late middle age.
B) decreased blood supply to various parts of the brain.
C) physiological and cognitive atrophy during late middle age.
D) information overload that builds up over the adult years.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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D

Which of the following is the reason for the decrease in height with age advancement?


A) Brittleness of bones of the limbs
B) Increase in weight
C) A stooping posture
D) Bone loss in the vertebrae

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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List the physical changes that take place during middle adulthood.

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Physical changes that take place during ...

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What is the most common change in sleep patterns of adults during middle age?


A) Sleep-disordered breathing becomes less prevalent.
B) Wakeful periods become less frequent during the night.
C) The total number of hours slept dramatically increases.
D) There is a decrease in the deepest type of sleep.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Discuss the career challenges faced by middle-aged workers in the 21st century.How can these challenges be addressed and reduced?

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Middle-aged workers today face globalization,rapid developments in information technologies,downsizing of organizations,outsourcing of jobs,early retirement,and concerns about pensions and health care.All of these concerns have led to a decreasing sense of personal control for middle-aged workers and delayed plans for retirement.

Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with menopause?


A) Nausea
B) Fatigue
C) Hot flashes
D) High blood sugar

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Questions such as,"To which age group do you belong?" and "How old do you feel?" reflect the concept of:


A) mental age.
B) age identity.
C) chronological age.
D) age stereotype.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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B

Which of the following statements about bone density is TRUE?


A) Maximum bone density occurs in late adolescence.
B) Maximum bone density occurs by the mid- to late thirties.
C) Peak functioning of the body's joints occurs in the fifties.
D) The rate of bone density loss accelerates and then decelerates.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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During middle age,the ability to hear _____ sounds declines first.


A) low-pitched
B) high-volume
C) high-pitched
D) high-amplitude

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following statements is TRUE about mortality rates in United States and the world?


A) The least number of deaths in the twentieth century were caused due to infectious diseases.
B) The rates of chronic disorders have decreased and the rate of infectious disease have increased.
C) In old age,many deaths are caused by a single,readily identifiable condition.
D) Men usually have higher mortality rates than women for all of the leading causes of death.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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According to the Seattle Longitudinal Study of individuals aged 25 to 95,which of the following abilities showed the least decline with age?


A) Verbal comprehension
B) Spatial orientation
C) Inductive reasoning
D) Numerical abilities

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Identify the theorist who initiated the Seattle Longitudinal Study that involves extensive evaluations of intellectual abilities in the adult years.

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Which of the following statements is TRUE about chronic conditions?


A) Women have a higher incidence of fatal chronic conditions in middle age.
B) Men have a higher incidence of nonfatal chronic conditions in middle age.
C) Hypertension is the leading chronic disorder in early adulthood.
D) Chronic disorders are rare in early adulthood.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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In Patricia Cohen's analysis,which of the following has fueled the emergence of thinking about middle age?


A) More people entering adolescence earlier than in the past
B) Increased pressure to remain in the workforce and delay retirement
C) Advances in health and more people living to older ages
D) The decrease of life expectancy

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Drawing on beliefs,values,and goals to change the meaning of a stressful situation is known as:


A) self-efficacy.
B) problem-focused coping.
C) meaning-making coping.
D) proactive coping.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Accommodation of the eye experiences its sharpest decline between ________ years of age.


A) 20 and 29
B) 60 and 79
C) 40 and 59
D) 30 and 35

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The slowdown in learning new information has been linked to changes in _____,where individuals manipulate and assemble information when making decisions,solving problems,and comprehending written and spoken language.


A) working memory
B) brain circuitry
C) episodic memory
D) neural network

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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HDL is often referred to as _____ cholesterol.


A) "good"
B) "simple"
C) "bad"
D) "compound"

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Identify a possible reason for the changes in fluid and crystallized intelligence of different age groups in John Horn's cross-sectional study.


A) Secular trends
B) Cohort effects
C) Declining IQ with age
D) Biases in IQ testing

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The rectangularization of the population pyramid has been created by all of the following EXCEPT:


A) health advances that promote longevity.
B) the aging of the baby boom cohort.
C) rising male-to-female sex ratio.
D) low fertility rates.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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