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Indirect labor refers to the cost of the workers whose efforts are directly related to specific units of product.

A) True
B) False

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A management concept that seeks to uncover and eliminate waste in all aspects of business activities is called:


A) Just-in-time.
B) Theory of constraints.
C) Continuous operations.
D) Lean business model.
E) Customer orientation.

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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Four factors come together in production activity: beginning work in process inventory, raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead.

A) True
B) False

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A ________ cost changes in total in proportion to changes in the volume of activity.

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variable

Define fraud and give at least two examples of employee fraud.

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Fraud involves the use of one's job for ...

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The Duerr Company manufactures a single product. All raw materials used are traceable to specific units of product. Current information for the Duerr Company follows:  Beginging raw materials inventory $8,000 Ending raw materials inventory 11,000 Raw material purchases 85,000 Beginging work in process inventory 20,000 Ending work in process inventory 30,000 Direct labor 110,000 Total factory overhead 85,000 Beginging finished goods inventory 60,000 Ending finithed goods inventory 40,000\begin{array} { l | l } \text { Beginging raw materials inventory } & \$ 8,000 \\\hline \text { Ending raw materials inventory } & 11,000 \\\hline \text { Raw material purchases } & 85,000 \\\hline \text { Beginging work in process inventory } & 20,000 \\\hline \text { Ending work in process inventory } & 30,000 \\\hline \text { Direct labor } & 110,000 \\\hline \text { Total factory overhead } & 85,000 \\\hline \text { Beginging finished goods inventory } & 60,000 \\\hline \text { Ending finithed goods inventory } & 40,000\end{array} The company's cost of raw materials used, cost of goods manufactured and cost of goods sold is:


A) Cost of Materials Used = $82,000
Cost of Goods Manufactured = $287,000
Cost of Goods Sold = $247,000
B) Cost of Materials Used = $88,000
Cost of Goods Manufactured = $287,000
Cost of Goods Sold = $267,000
C) Cost of Materials Used = $88,000
Cost of Goods Manufactured = $267,000
Cost of Goods Sold = $287,000
D) Cost of Materials Used = $82,000
Cost of Goods Manufactured = $267,000
Cost of Goods Sold = $287,000
E) Cost of Materials Used = $85,000
Cost of Goods Manufactured = $267,000
Cost of Goods Sold = $247,000

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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D

Using the information below, calculate cost of goods sold for the period:  Sales revenues for the period $1,304,000 Operating expenses for the period 239,000 Finished Goods Inventory, January 136,000 Finished Goods Inventory, December 3141,000 Cost of goods manufactured for the period 540,000\begin{array}{lr}\text { Sales revenues for the period }&\$1,304,000\\\\\text { Operating expenses for the period } & 239,000 \\\text { Finished Goods Inventory, January } 1 & 36,000 \\\text { Finished Goods Inventory, December } 31 & 41,000 \\\text { Cost of goods manufactured for the period } & 540,000\end{array}


A) $448,000.
B) $774,000.
C) $535,000.
D) $769,000.
E) $530,000.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Current information for the Healey Company follows:  Beginning raw materials inventory $15,200 Raw material purchases 60,000 Ending raw materials inventory 16,600 Beginning work in process inventory 22,400 Ending work in process inventory 28,000 Direct labor 42,800 Total factory overhead 30,000\begin{array} { l | r } \text { Beginning raw materials inventory } & \$ 15,200 \\\hline \text { Raw material purchases } & 60,000 \\\hline \text { Ending raw materials inventory } & 16,600 \\\hline \text { Beginning work in process inventory } & 22,400 \\\hline \text { Ending work in process inventory } & 28,000 \\\hline \text { Direct labor } & 42,800 \\\hline \text { Total factory overhead } & 30,000\end{array} All raw materials used were traceable to specific units of product. - All raw materials used were traceable to specific units of product. Healey Company's Cost of Goods Manufactured for the year is:


A) $125,800.
B) $128,600.
C) $137,000.
D) $139,000.
E) $131,400.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Policies and procedures used by management to monitor and control business activities are known as ________.

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The sales commission incurred based on units of product sold during the month is an example of a product cost.

A) True
B) False

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Costs are important to managers because they impact both the financial position and profitability of a business.

A) True
B) False

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Using the information below for Singing Dolls, Inc., determine the total manufacturing costs incurred during the year:  Work in Process, January 1 50,000 Work in Process, December 31 37,000 Direct materials used $12,500 Total Factory overhead 5,500 Direct labor used 26,500\begin{array} { l | r } \text { Work in Process, January 1 } & 50,000 \\\hline \text { Work in Process, December 31 } & 37,000 \\\hline \text { Direct materials used } & \$ 12,500 \\\hline \text { Total Factory overhead } & 5,500 \\\hline \text { Direct labor used } & 26,500\end{array}


A) $13,000.
B) $44,500.
C) $89,000.
D) $57,500.
E) $94,500.

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Mustang Corporation has accumulated the following accounting data for the month of April:  Finished goods inventory, January 1 $3,200 Finished goods inventory, December 314,000 Total cost of goods sold 14,200\begin{array}{ll}\text { Finished goods inventory, January 1 } & \$ 3,200 \\\text { Finished goods inventory, December } 31 & 4,000 \\\text { Total cost of goods sold } & 14,200\end{array} The cost of goods sold for the year is:


A) $59,700.
B) $169,300.
C) $144,700.
D) $108,900.
E) $120,100.

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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Straight-line depreciation, rent, and manager salaries are examples of variable costs.

A) True
B) False

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False

Information for Maxim Manufacturing is presented below. Compute both the cost of goods manufactured and the cost of goods sold for Maxim Manufacturing.  Beginning raw materials inventory $36,800 Beginning work in process inventory 21,200 Direct labor 81,000 Beginning finished goods inventory 64,000 Total factory overhead 126,000 Raw materials purchased 21,500 Ending raw materials inventory 40,000 Ending work in process inventory 20,000 Ending finished goods inventory 46,000\begin{array} { l | l } \text { Beginning raw materials inventory } & \$ 36,800 \\\hline \text { Beginning work in process inventory } & 21,200 \\\hline \text { Direct labor } & 81,000 \\\hline \text { Beginning finished goods inventory } & 64,000 \\\hline \text { Total factory overhead } & 126,000 \\\hline \text { Raw materials purchased } & 21,500 \\\hline \text { Ending raw materials inventory } & 40,000 \\\hline \text { Ending work in process inventory } & 20,000 \\\hline \text { Ending finished goods inventory } & 46,000\end{array}

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Compute the ending work in process inventory for a manufacturer with the following information.  Raw materials purchased 131,700 Raw materials used in production 65,400 Direct labor used 44,000 Total factory overhead used 101,600 Work in process inventory, beginning of year 32,500 Cost of goods manufactured 212,900\begin{array} { l | l } \text { Raw materials purchased } & 131,700 \\\hline \text { Raw materials used in production } & 65,400 \\\hline \text { Direct labor used } & 44,000 \\\hline \text { Total factory overhead used } & 101,600 \\\hline \text { Work in process inventory, beginning of year } & 32,500 \\\hline \text { Cost of goods manufactured } & 212,900\end{array}

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\[\begin{array} { l | l }
\text { Work ...

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Direct labor refers to the cost of the workers whose efforts are directly related to specific units of product.

A) True
B) False

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Crane, Inc. reported the following data regarding costs and inventories for the current year: beginning goods-in-process inventory, $4,000; beginning finished goods inventory, $2,000; cost of goods manufactured, $11,500; operating expenses, $3,000; ending finished goods inventory,$1,000; ending goods-in-process inventory, $1,500. Cost of goods sold for Crane, Inc. equals________.

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The main difference between the cost of goods sold of a manufacturer and a merchandiser is that the merchandiser includes cost of goods manufactured rather than cost of goods purchased.

A) True
B) False

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Indirect materials are accounted for as factory overhead because they are not clearly identified with specific product units.

A) True
B) False

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